Экзаменационный (типовой) материал ОГЭ / Английский / 12 задание / 32

1.  What were the first steps of turning Moscow into a port city?
2. Which two deep rivers is the Moskva River connected with?
3. How and when did Moscow become an important river port?
4. How many seas can be reached by water ways from Moscow?
5. What are some of the new functions of the Northern river port?
6. What is the biggest passenger river port in Moscow today?
7. What are the architectural features of the Northern river port building?

A. In September, 2020, the Northern river port and the nearby park were opened again to visitors after their reconstruction. The Mayor of Moscow Sobyanin said the park now has three heated swimming pools, playgrounds for children, and 60 cafes. The port building can be used for filming, as well as for important cultural events. The museum in the port building is of interest to those interested in the history of Moscow transport.

B. The Moskva River has been a navigable route since ancient times. There are records from the 14th century showing that navigation here was slow and difficult, but it helped the development of trade in central Russia. Ivan the Terrible made attempts to build navigable canals, but it was Peter the Great who built a whole network of canals and artificial reservoirs on the Moskva River, making it easier to travel to Moscow by boat.

C. The Northern river port is located on the bank of the Khimki Reservoir. It was built simultaneously with the Moscow Canal. The building of the port was erected at the same time, even before the filling of Khimki Reservoir, by architects Alexey Rukhlyadev, Vladimir Krinsky, sculptor Ivan Yefimov and others. The port building is an architectural monument and one of the symbols of Moscow as "a port of five seas".

D. There are many rivers and creeks in Moscow and around it, but only one of them is navigable – the Moskva River. In the north it flows through the Khimki Reservoir into the Volga, and in the south, near the town of Kolomna, it flows into the Oka. One can take a fascinating journey both along the Moskva River and along the other rivers of Russia, as well as travel to European countries.

E. The silhouette of the Northern river port building resembles a huge two-deck ship. Its composition is strictly symmetrical. The central part with the main entrance and the tower is the body of the ship with cabins. The open galleries with fountains on the northern and southern sides symbolize the bow and stern, the string of columns represents the enclosed deck, and the spire with a star on the tower is the mast on which the sail has not yet been set.

F. Upon completion of the Moskva-Volga Canal in 1937, Moscow received a new deep-water river route to the Volga River. By that time a program of radical reconstruction of Moscow as a transportation center had been started, transforming the capital into a major river port. This was the time when the two river ports – Northern and Southern – were built in Moscow, for both passenger and cargo fleets.

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